Enhanced distribution system fault location

Accurate fault location in distribution network of power system is an essential technology, yet less studied compared to transmission systems, that enables utility companies in maintaining service reliability to reduce SAIDI (System Average Interruption Duration Index). This study develops novel methods for feeder fault location with current/voltage sensors sparsely deployed in the network. The voltages and currents measured in the substation and sensors are utilized in this study. Depending on the available sensor locations relative to fault, such as both upstream/downstream or upstream only, and the lateral conditions, the algorithm searches every possible path and calculates the fault distance and fault resistance. Eight scenarios are identified for all possible situations. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments are performed to verify the proposed methods. High fault location accuracy has been achieved in various network and fault conditions.