Exploiting Distributional Semantic Models in Question Answering

This paper investigates the role of Distributional Semantic Models (DSMs) in Question Answering (QA), and specifically in a QA system called Question Cube. Question Cube is a framework for QA that combines several techniques to retrieve passages containing the exact answers for natural language questions. It exploits Information Retrieval models to seek candidate answers and Natural Language Processing algorithms for the analysis of questions and candidate answers both in English and Italian. The data source for the answer is an unstructured text document collection stored in search indices. In this paper we propose to exploit DSMs in the Question Cube framework. In DSMs words are represented as mathematical points in a geometric space, also known as semantic space. Words are similar if they are close in that space. Our idea is that DSMs approaches can help to compute relatedness between users´ questions and candidate answers by exploiting paradigmatic relations between words. Results of an experimental evaluation carried out on CLEF2010 QA dataset, prove the effectiveness of the proposed approach.