EHD transport processes and electric reconnection

Summary form only given. Conventional hydrodynamics or magnetohydrodynamics CMHD is extended to a new area of dusty-plasma physics, electrohydrodynamics (EHD) or electromagnetohydrodynamics (EMHD). EHD should include space charges, and ponderomotive and gravitational forces that are usually not taken into account in MHD. EHD transport processes are governed by the equation of electric field transport, and supplemented by the equations of vorticity, magnetic field, and energy transport, extended also to the EHD regime. While it is well-known that the conversion from magnetic to flow energy causes solar or auroral flares by magnetic reconnection in the MHD regime, it is shown that the conversion from electric to kinetic or flow energy also causes significant atmospheric phenomena such as lightnings by electric field line merging-reconnection in the EHD regime. The theory of this affect has been developed on the basis of the equation of electric field transport in relation to the Kelvin-Helmholtz theorem.