Advance: IC reactor for high strength industrial wastewater treatment and biogas production

Internal Circulation (IC) reactor, the third-generation anaerobic technology for high strength industrial wastewater treatment, tending to displace Anaerobic Upflow Sludge Bed (UASB) process and other conventional anaerobic treatment processes, has been widely used in the following industries: breweries, dairies, sugar mills, soft drink plants, pulp and paper industry, distillery and fermentation industry as well as chemical industry. Its structure, principles, granular sludge (GS) characteristics and anaerobic digestion process are presented, and especially biogas production kinetics and its economic value are highlighted. Advantages summarized through projects analysis for the varieties of industrial effluent treatment are stated. Finally its perspectives are outlined.