Coordination of intermittent generation with storage, demand control and conventional energy sources

The intermittency of renewable energy sources such as wind or solar generation is a major challenge in the integration of these resources. Storage devices combined with optimal control provide the opportunity to overcome this challenge. In this paper, a control concept is presented which coordinates the usage of storage devices, intermittent energy sources, conventional generation and load control. The goal is to minimize the emissions and the required capacity of fast acting backup generation which is generally used to balance the intermittency of renewable generation. A multi-time step optimization is applied to optimally control the considered devices. Simulations show the superior control performance of the proposed concept.