Full-scale time domain modeling of the interaction of HF waves with the topside ionosphere

We use a time domain simulation to study the interaction of high frequency wave with the topside ionosphere. The ionosphere density profile is derived from X-mode ionogram data obtained from satellite topside sounding. In the simulation, we observe the reflection of L-O and R-X modes at different altitudes and large amplitude electrostatic field generation at the reflection altitude of L-O mode. These electrostatic fields of Langmuir type have amplitude several times of the injected wave field amplitude and can be important in heating local electrons. The full-scale time domain modeling allows us to understand the propagation, reflection, coupling and mode conversion of HF wave.