Use of the characteristic modes theory for the design of an antenna in a harsh environment from a generic antenna topology

In the new applications: internet of thing, machine to machine wireless communication, wireless sensors network, the energy efficiency is important to move towards the energy autonomy. Furthermore, for many applications, the antenna environment is complex and the dimension and the distance of metallic (metallic box) or dielectric structure could be equal or inferior to the wavelength. To answer to this problematic, we propose a generic antenna topology and the use of a methodology based on the characteristic mode theory to adjust the resonant frequency in taking into account the closed metallic and dielectric environment by optimizing the antenna dimension.