Notice of RetractionThe theoretical analysis on ultimate loading capacity of outer concrete shaft lining

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Aiming at the actual loading state of outer shaft lining, the mechanical model was established. The calculational formula of ultimate loading capacity of outer concrete shaft lining based on three relatively applicable biaxial failure criteria was deducted, and compared with the result based on triaxial failure criteria. The results show that it will exorbitant estimate the ultimate loading capacity of shaft lining based on plane strain state when the loading on shaft lining is close to generalized plane stress state, and will underestimate the ultimate loading capacity of shaft lining based on plane stress; it can be considered that approximate values based on plane strain is the maximum of results based on plane stress and the values based on plane stress is the minimum of results based on generalized plane stress; complicated triaxial failure criteria is not necessarily needed while carrying on the academic analysis on ultimate loading capacity of outer shaft lining.