Smart charging of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) on the residential electric grid regarding the voltage plan

In the coming years, the Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) will strongly penetrate in the French Car Fleet. This will create more challenges on the power system including voltage plan in residential areas. For that, in this paper we propose a Rule-Based (RB) algorithm to smart integration of PHEVs in residential electric grid areas. RB algorithm determines the minimum charging power of home-charged PHEVs with/without a charging ban during peak hours which ensures statistically that 100% of the PHEVs batteries have a final full State-of-Charge (SOC). After, we evaluate the consequence of the results obtained from the application of RB algorithm on the voltage plan of a low voltage residential electric grid consisting of 96 houses and powered by a transformer MV/LV 400kVA. For that, we introducing a ηV index that assesses compliance with the standard NF-EN-50160 (voltage quality supplied to housing). Following the results, we infer that it is better to allow charging at any time and we recommend authorities to create a standard that limits to 800W the charging power of home-charged PHEVs.