Mobility-assisted fast handover for Proxy Mobile IPv6 in vehicle-to-infrastructure communications

Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications enable various applications for transportation, help improve road safety, transportation efficiency and comfort of travel. As vehicles change their point of attachment frequently, seamless handover becomes one of the most challenging research issues for supporting these applications. In this paper, we propose a fast handover for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) to provide seamless mobility of vehicles. The proposed scheme tackles the spatial and temporal prediction issues in Fast Handover for Proxy Mobile IPv6 (FPMIPv6) with the aid of mobility information, pre-stored access point (AP) placement information and received signal strength (RSS). It also uses a pre-established backup binding and a tunnel between previous mobile access gateway (PMAG) and new mobile access gateway (NMAG) to reduce handover latency and packet loss. Analytical and simulation results show that the overall handover latency and packet loss can be significantly reduced by the proposed scheme compared with other related schemes.