1D large signal time-domain code for TWT

In this paper we describe the development of a 1D large signal code for traveling-wave tubes (TWT) modeling. This code is based in a mathematical model, which extend previous analysis by including the effects of the DC space-charge force in the electron dynamics description in time domain. As a consequence, a previous knowledge of the space-charge reduction factor or its evaluation is no longer needed. As a drawback, this code was shown to be not suitable for multi-drive frequency simulations. Therefore, we compiled a secondary code using the already established theory with an improved space-charge reduction factor, which is function of both the frequency and the modulation signal level. We present a numerical example comparing the results of the two codes to the results from the known theory.