GPS targeting methods for non-lethal systems

Non-lethal systems consist of devices and methods which can be used to incapacitate an adversary´s capability, while minimizing casualties and collateral property or environmental damages. Examples of military non-lethal concepts include wire mesh entanglements to snag tank treads, highly expansive sticky foams to immobilize personnel and material, anti-material agents to degrade supplies, and information warfare tactics such as the use of computer viruses to interfere and disrupt the adversary´s command and control systems. Law enforcement is also interested in developing additional less-than-lethal weapons to augment traditional weapons, such as tear gas, pepper spray and rubber bullets. This paper reviews the wide array of possible non-lethal concepts and separates their employment depending on target class. The associated weapon system accuracy required for the various methods of targeting and guidance is approximated notionally. Representative GPS based targeting methods applicable to non-lethal weapons are then presented. The targeting concepts are sorted in terms of absolute, differential, and relative methods