Factors influencing voltage profiles of distributed-generation-integrated feeders

Due to the recent increase in environmental concerns, there has been interest in integrating Distributed Generation (DG) into distribution systems. Keeping the voltage of a DG-integrated system within the range of pre-defined standards has been a major challenge. For this reason, interaction of DG and feeders´ steady state voltage has been widely studied. This paper, with an Area Criterion and a graphical method, identifies six factors that impact feeders´ voltage profiles. The factors include location, capacity and dispersion level on DG´s side, and load distribution, conductor characteristics and substation´s voltage settings on feeders´ side. The results are summarized into implications for voltage rise mitigation in practice and are verified by simulations on a 10kV two-feeder system.