Modeling and simulation of a ground based sense and avoid architecture for Unmanned Aircraft System operations

The safe operation of Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS) in the National Airspace System (NAS) requires a capability to sense and avoid other airborne targets. One solution is a Ground Based Sense and Avoid (GBSAA) concept, in which available radar surveillance information is fused in a specially tuned tracking system and provided to a ground observer and pilot through a UAS-centric display. Our current research focuses on assessing system performance for detecting pop-up, non-cooperative (non-transponding) airborne intruders. Detection and tracking of a new target depends on site-specific radar coverage performance and tracker filtering and initiation logic. Appropriate radar and tracking models enable simulation studies for assessing system performance in satisfying necessary sense and avoid functional requirements. This information will help identify needed changes in radar and tracking systems, modifications to the GBSAA concept of operation, and mission planning. Ultimately, a quantitative assessment of the GBSAA surveillance capabilities in detecting and tracking non-cooperative intruders will define where UAS can be safely operated in the NAS.