The influence of prediction on vergence eye movements

A series of periodic square waves were used to generate predictable vergence eye movement responses. The timing and dynamic eye movement characteristics of vergence responses to predictable and nonpredictable stimuli were compared. Experiments showed that there were significant changes in timing characteristics. A model-based analysis of dynamics also showed changes, but these were not as dramatic. A highly characteristic anticipatory movement was found in the early part of the vergence response when the target was predictable. This phenomenon is similar to that seen in saccadic eye movements and appears to influence the timing and dynamics of the subsequent vergence response