Comparison of interaction of GVD and SPM between normal and anomalous dispersion regimes of single mode fiber

The quality of the optical pulse propagating through single mode fiber is degraded due to fiber loss, group velocity dispersion (GVD) and self phase modulation (SPM). We present and compare our results of the variation in peak power (and hence broadening or compression of the pulse) of a Gaussian pulse propagating through single mode fiber in normal versus anomalous dispersion regimes; both for lossless and lossy fibers. The effects of fiber loss, GVD and SPM are modeled using nonlinear Schrodinger equation (NLSE). We used split step Fourier method to solve NLSE numerically. The patterns of changes in peak power with the propagated distance are quite different in normal and anomalous regimes. Our results show that it is possible to either compress or obtain the input pulse almost in its original form at certain propagated distances in anomalous dispersion regime; while it is not possible in normal dispersion regime.