FACTS-intelligent solutions for meeting challenges in power transmission

“FACTS” (Flexible AC Transmission Systems) covers several power electronics based systems utilized in AC power transmission and distribution. FACTS solutions are particularly justifiable in applications requiring rapid dynamic response, ability for frequent variations in output, and/or smoothly adjustable output. Under such conditions, FACTS is a highly useful option for enabling or increasing the utilization of transmission and distribution grids. In green-field projects, AC plus FACTS will likewise in many cases prove attractive and cost effective in relation to other options. With FACTS, a number of benefits can be attained in power systems, such as dynamic voltage control, increased power transmission capability and stability, facilitating grid integration of renewable power, and maintaining power quality in grids dominated by heavy and complex industrial loads. Several examples of these benefits are demonstrated in the paper by means of recent installations of FACTS devices in various parts of the world. Some salient design features of the main FACTS devices are presented, as well.