Estimation of node density for an energy efficient deployment scheme in wireless sensor network

Wireless sensor network is a collection of nodes which can communicate with each other without any prior infrastructure along with the ability to collect data autonomously, effectively and robustly after being deployed in an ad-hoc fashion to monitor a given area. Since these nodes communicate in wireless sensor network one major problem often encountered in this network is obtaining an optimal balance among the number of nodes deployed, energy efficiency and lifetime. In this paper we propose an effective method to estimate the number of nodes to be deployed in a given area for a predetermined lifetime so that total energy utilization and 100% connectivity are ensured. This scheme also guarantees that during each data collection cycle, each node dissipates the requisite minimum amount of energy, which also minimizes the number of nodes required to achieve a desired network lifetime. Extensive simulations have been carried out to establish the effectiveness of the scheme.