Resolving line-like targets using MUSIC in active sonar

If the MUSIC algorithm is applied to estimating bulk time delays and arrival angles in an active sonar, an advantage occurs when processing a single ping with few sensors. If too few sensors are available to effectively generate a moving average over space, a moving average over frequency can be formed. The maximum available rank of the data covariance matrix then depends on the transmit signal bandwidth and the data time window duration. In this scenario, MUSIC is able to accurately resolve a line-like target which conventional processing cannot resolve