The cone of gaze

Author

Hecht, Heiko ; Weiland, Romy ; Boyarskaya, Evgeniya

Author_Institution

Johannes Gutenberg-Univ., Mainz, Germany

fYear

2011

fDate

19-21 May 2011

Firstpage

378

Lastpage

385

Abstract

Gaze direction is an important cue that regulates social interactions. Although humans are very accurate in determining gaze directions in general, they have a surprisingly liberal criterion for the presence of mutual gaze. We first established a psychophysical task to measure the cone of gaze, which required observers to adjust the eyes of a virtual head to the margins of the area of mutual gaze. Then we examined differences between 2D, 3D, and genuine real life gaze. Finally, the tolerance for image distortions when the virtual head is not viewed from the proper vantage point was investigated. Gaze direction was remarkably robust toward loss in detail and distortion. Important lessons for the design of eye-contact in virtual environments can be derived from these findings.

Keywords

rendering (computer graphics); virtual reality; eye-contact; gaze cone; gaze direction; mutual gaze; psychophysical task; social interactions; virtual head; Analysis of variance; Humans; Observers; Rendering (computer graphics); Robustness; Three dimensional displays; Visualization; gaze; perception; realism; social pressure;

fLanguage

English

Publisher

ieee

Conference_Titel

Human System Interactions (HSI), 2011 4th International Conference on

Conference_Location

Yokohama

ISSN

2158-2246

Print_ISBN

978-1-4244-9638-9

Type

conf

DOI

10.1109/HSI.2011.5937396

Filename

5937396