Implementation of all-digital wideband RF frequency synthesizers in 65-nm CMOS technology

This paper presents two all-digital RF frequency synthesizers implemented in 65-nm CMOS: a digital period frequency synthesizer and an all-digital phase-locked loop. This paper is especially focused on the implementation issues and practical challenges of digital frequency synthesizers for wideband radio systems. Moreover, the paper presents implementations and experimental results of these two frequency synthesizers targeted for cognitive radio spectrum sensing applications.