Energy efficient cluster head selection in wireless sensor network

This paper presents an improved version of LEACH protocol which aims to reduce energy consumption within the wireless sensor network and prolong the lifetime of the network. This paper improves LEACH protocol by improving the election strategy of the cluster-head nodes based on remaining energy of sensor nodes, distance from base station and the number of consecutive rounds in which a node has not been a cluster head. Also it considers the factor that whether the nodes remaining energy is sufficient enough to send the aggregate data to the base station or not. If the nodes remaining energy is not sufficient enough it cannot be selected as cluster head. Simulation results shows that the proposed protocol could better reduce energy consumption and prolong lifetime of the wireless sensor network with respect to the parameters FND (First Node Dies), HND (Half Node Dies) and LND (Last Node Dies). The proposed protocol is 41.7% better than LEACH with respect to FND, 31.6 % better than LEACH with respect to HND and 25.5% better than LEACH with respect to LND.