Evaluation of Energy Consumption and Network Lifetime in Rectangular Ad-hoc Wireless Networks

Network lifetime is one of the most important parameters in ad-hoc wireless networks, and it is not only constrained by the battery capacity of the nodes in the networks but also by the energy efficient operation of the nodes. This paper evaluates energy consumption and network lifetime in a rectangular network model based on the Geographical Adaptive Fidelity (GAF) topology management protocol. We derive the optimal transmission range in a new adjustable-grid model and analyze both static and dynamic traffic scenarios in both equal-grid and adjustable-grid rectangular GAF models, where the results show that the adjustable-grid model is more energy efficient. Also we propose the concept of grid-lifetime to estimate the network lifetime, and two approaches are proposed to achieve grid-lifetime balance among all grids to optimize the entire network lifetime. The lifetime estimation results show that the adjustable-grid model prolongs the entire network lifetime by 48.1% compared to the equal-grid model.