Power quality considerations in distribution engineering

Distribution engineers have many considerations on power quality design and measurement techniques and standards when dealing with residential, commercial, and industrial customers. This paper will focus on both ANSI and RUS publications regarding optimum voltage levels, flicker design tools, etc. The paper will begin by exploring the effects of the selection of minimum ground impedances on voltage balance and the resultant effects on commercial customers. This paper will conclude with a summary and template for reference by the distribution engineer to use in navigating the maze of power quality design and operations issues.