Finite element analysis in the design of permanent magnet machines

Finite element analysis is used extensively for the design and performance prediction of all types and topologies of permanent magnet machine, (e.g. brushed DC motors, hybrid stepper motors, brushless DC and AC motors), and for calculating field distributions, winding inductances, back-EMF waveforms, torque and force, demagnetisation withstand of magnets etc. Usually, it complements analytical techniques, which can provide a rapid and reliable means of design optimisation. The presentation focuses on permanent magnet brushless machines, and illustrates the application of finite element analysis to both linear and rotary machine topologies, demonstrates how it facilitates the prediction of iron loss and eddy current loss, and shows how it can account for the influence of magnet powder alignment and impulse magnetisation systems on machine performance