Notice of RetractionResearch on bubble tracking and pressure drop in water supply system

Notice of Retraction

After careful and considered review of the content of this paper by a duly constituted expert committee, this paper has been found to be in violation of IEEE´s Publication Principles.

We hereby retract the content of this paper. Reasonable effort should be made to remove all past references to this paper.

The presenting author of this paper has the option to appeal this decision by contacting TPII@ieee.org.

Accurate prediction of bubble tracking and pressure drop in water supply system is crucial for designing and security operating pipelines. According to the characteristics of water supply system, a transient bubble tracking model was developed to track the front and back of each individual bubble and calculate the pressure drop in pipe. The results show that in horizontal pipelines the pressure drop, where bubbles moving, is lower than the one full of water. The bubble length affects little on the pressure drop. Due to the gas compressibility, there are pressure fluctuate values when bubbles entering the pipe. As the gas density is less than the liquid one, the outlet pressure will rise while bubbles moving in upward inclined pipe and the one will drop while bubbles moving in downward inclined pipe.