Experimental evaluation of the two-dimensional mobile propagation environment at 2 GHz

The paper evaluates experimentally the most important parameters of the two-dimensional (2D) propagation environment. For this purpose, measurements with both fixed and rotating base station (BS) antenna arrays were performed. With a fixed array installation, environmental parameters, such as effective side lobe level (ESL) and cross polarisation discrimination (XPD) were evaluated. With the rotating BS antenna path angular spread (PAS), total angular spread values and the two-dimensional channel impulse responses (2D-CIR) were recorded. Two BS sites were used. With the measured data a simple beam pointing algorithm was tested and the number of receiving beams needed in different measured locations for optimum reception was estimated. With the measured 2D data simple 2D-RAKE allocation routines were done related to a CDMA-SDMA application