Theory and Experiment on the Equilateral Triangular Patch Antenna

Although the equilateral triangular patch antenna had been analyzed by means of the cavity model without feed source and by means of a geometric optics model, there were important omissions in the previous theories. In this paper, we present the results of a comprehensive analysis of this antenna based on the cavity model with a coaxial feed source. The characteristics discussed include the radiation patterns, percentages of power radiated, total Q factors, input impedances and their variation with feed position. A number of disagreements with previously published results are noted and comparison with experiment is given.