An algorithm for the calibration of sensor arrays with sensor gain and phase uncertainties

A powerful, efficient non-iterative array calibration algorithm is presented. The algorithm determines the gain and phase compensation for translational invariant, particularly linear uniform arrays which are the basis for many efficient array processing algorithms. Starting with N measurements of the desired M-element array scan range, the algorithm computes just 2M weighted scalar products of N-element vectors and solves a (M-2)*(M-2) tridiagonal system of normal equations. An exact knowledge of the source position is not necessary. The algorithm also compensates for angle dependent model deviations like near field effects or element pattern mismatch in a least squares sense within the scan range.<>