Effect of Z-motion in the phase of the K-space MRI data and identification of periodic Z-motion kernels

In 2-D spin-echo magnetic resonance imaging, patient motion perpendicular to the selected slice (out-of-plane motion) is difficult to detect. A novel method for detecting sinusoidal motion without using any special pulse sequences is proposed. Once the motion is detected, the artifacts arising from different sources may be substantially reduced, leading to better and more efficient diagnosis.<>