On electron hysteresis in O-type long-time interaction devices

The results of the theoretical study into the hysteresis phenomena for long-time interaction devices such as orotrons and diffraction radiation generators in the boundaries of approximated half-analytic nonlinear theory are presented. An attempt to describe the electron-hysteresis loop is made. The theoretical analysis confirms that the main cause for hysteresis phenomena is the average electron velocity change during the interaction between the electrons and synchronic traveling spatial harmonic of the HF-field.