Evolving Robocup Soccer Player formations by particle swarm optimization

Researchers have applied evolutionary algorithms to RoboCup Soccer players/teams and evaluate the effectiveness of the algorithm in evolving good players and teams, but further investigations are required to know more about the ability of the algorithms. We report our application of particle swarm optimization (PSO) to the evolution of RoboCup Soccer player formations: how well formations for various team performances (e.g., offensive, defensive, balanced) can be automatically obtained by means of PSO.