Tri-band active patch slot antennas for angular observations using GLONASS/GPS signals

Tri-band (L1/L2/L3) active patch slot leaky-wave antennas with the right-hand circular polarization for angular observations using the signals of the Global navigation satellite systems GLONASS/GPS have been designed. The antenna positioning accuracy in the horizontal and vertical planes as well as in the angular observations has been estimated. Measurements have been made in the L1 frequency band using the combined GLONASS/GPS constellation. It has been shown that the positioning root-mean-square-error (RMSE) of an active antenna relative to another one in the horizontal plane is less than 2.2 mm, and in the vertical plane it is less than 1.8 mm. RMSE of the positioning by the yaw, roll and pitch angles at a distance of 0.7m between the centers of three antennas does not exceed 9 angular minutes, while at a distance of 2 m it does not exceed 4 angular minutes.