Optimal integration of intermittent energy sources using distributed multi-step optimization

The integration of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar into the electric power grid is a coveted yet challenging goal. The difficulties arise from the intermittency of the sources, the required increase in transmission capacity, and the lack of coordination between control entities. In this paper, a method is developed and implemented for the optimal coordination between storage and intermittent resources in multiple control areas. The problem is formulated as a decomposed multi-step optimization problem using the Optimality Condition Decomposition method. This allows reducing the computational effort by dividing the overall optimization problem into subproblems. Simulation results show convergence to the centralized solution and provide an indication of the benefits of coordinating control areas.