Spatially distributed 3D circuit models

Spatially distributed 3D circuit models are extracted with a segment-to-segment BEM (boundary element method) algorithm for both capacitance and inverse inductance couplings rather than using the traditional net-to-net approach. Critical issues regarding the extraction efficiency and accuracy of segment-to-segment BEM capacitance models are explored. An adaptive discretization scheme is developed for segment-to-segment capacitance extraction and also applied to segment-to-segment high-frequency inverse inductance extraction. We demonstrate the limitations of the duality between capacitance and inverse inductance. Examples demonstrating the accuracy of these models are presented for real packaging cases.