The influence of defective structure surfaces and in-surface layers on a material durability

Mono vacancies, di-vacancies, and vacancy complexes have a large influence on the processes of friction and durability of machine tool materials. Thus, the level of vacancy defects and its distribution in a composite material determines the oxidation intensity to a great extent, and, consequently, the resistance to adhesive interplay between conjugated surfaces. With increase of a short-lived component´s lifetime, the cutting tool durability of constructional steel 45 increases also. The minimum value of long-lived components corresponds to a maximum cutting tool durability established from cutting the chromium-nickel steel X18H10T. With electron-positron spectroscopy it is possible to investigate the degree of change of vacancy defects, and also the vacancy distributions. Accordingly, the technique can be employed to control the manufacturing process of cutting tools