Directional Cell Breathing Based Reactive Congestion Control in WCDMA Cellular Networks

In this paper, we introduce a reactive congestion control scheme for wideband CDMA (WCDMA) cellular networks and study its performance with respect to network throughput and call dropping rates. This scheme utilizes the idea of directional cell breathing (DCB), in which network cells are partitioned into N-sectors where each sector is served by a directional smart antenna. We propose a heuristic algorithm called directional cell breathing based-reactive congestion control (DCBB-RCC) that controls the transmission power of the common pilot channel (CPICH) such that the coverage area of a cell sector can dynamically be extended towards a nearby loaded sector or shrunk towards cell center for a loaded sector. Therefore, this mechanism activates a handoff procedure to shift some traffic of a loaded cell towards a lightly loaded cell. The effectiveness of our proposal is investigated through snap shot simulation using numerical examples.