Dimensionality Reduction for Anomaly Detection in Electrocardiography: A Manifold Approach

ECG analysis is universal and important in miscellaneous medical applications. However, high computation complexity is a problem which has been shown in several levels of conventional data mining algorithms for ECG analysis. In this paper, we presented a novel manifold approach to visualize and analyze the ECG signal. According to regularity of the data, our algorithm can discover the intrinsic structure and represent the streaming data with a 1-D manifold on a 2-D space. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm can reliably detect the anomaly in ECG streaming data. We evaluated the performance of the algorithm with two different anomalies in wearable applications: for the anomaly from heart disorders such as apnea, arrythmia, our algorithm could achieve up to 90% recognition rate, for the anomaly from the ECG device, our algorithm could detect the outlier with 100%.