Velocity distribution numerical simulation and indirect verification of cesium atomic clock

This paper presents a numerical simulation model for compact single beam magnetic state selection cesium clock to study cesium atomic velocity distribution on detector. In the model, cesium atoms ejecting from oven are accord with Maxwell distribution of thermal motion and are sampled with Monte Carlo method, then move into two-wire field magnets and take place transition with given probability in Ramsey microwave cavity. The theoretical conclusion is verified with the numerical simulations that oven temperature and feed-in microwave frequency offset has nothing to do with velocity distribution. Moreover, the velocity distribution on detector is acquired with Fourier transform method based on Ramsey lineshapes from numerical simulation and compared with that directly from numerical simulations. It shows that these velocity distributions are similar, which validates the numerical model.