Minimum-noise-variance beamformer with an electromagnetic vector sensor

We develop a minimum-noise-variance beamformer employing one electromagnetic vector sensor, capable of measuring the complete electric and magnetic fields induced by electromagnetic signals at one point. Two types of signals are considered: one carries a single message, and the other carries two independent messages simultaneously. The state of polarization of the interference under consideration ranges from completely polarized to unpolarized. To analyze the performance, we first obtain explicit expressions for the signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) in terms of the parameters of the desired signal, interference and noise. Then we discuss some physical implications associated with the SINR expressions. Our SINR expressions provide a basis for effective interference suppression, as well as generation of dual-message signals of which the two message signals have minimum interference effect on one another