Extraction of Numerical Residues in Families of Levelings

This work introduces a residual operator called ultimate attribute leveling. We also present an efficient algorithm for ultimate attribute leveling computation by using a structure called tree of shapes. Our algorithm for computating ultimate attribute leveling is based on the fact (proved in this work) that levelings can be obtained by pruning nodes from the tree of shapes. This is a novel result, since so far it is known that levelings can be obtained from component trees. Finally, we propose the use of ultimate attribute leveling with shape information to extract contrast using a priori knowledge of an application. Experimental results applied to text location show the potentiality of using ultimate attribute leveling with shape information for solving problems in image processing area.