Monitoring and model predictions of harmful algae blooms in Norwegian waters

After the severe toxic bloom of Chrysocromulina polylepis in southern Norwegian waters back in 1988 [Dundas et al. 1989, Johannessen et al. 1989], an operational monitoring program for harmful algae blooms (HAB) has been developed in Norway. This service provides information on the general algae bloom situation and possible development of identified HAB situations. Experiences, gained from real-time monitoring of algae bloom events, justifies the value of introducing the use of satellite Earth observation information and numerical model predictions in monitoring (harmful) algae blooms. Synergetic use of in situ bloom data, satellite Earth observation information and model predictions are demonstrated. The benefit from integrated satellite-derived information in the system of algae bloom studies and monitoring is presented from harmful bloom events of C hattonella sp. in Scandinavian waters during spring 1998, 2000 and 2001