Title :
Copyright protection of vector map using digital watermarking method based on discrete Fourier transform
Author :
Kitamura, I. ; Kanai, S. ; Kishinami, T.
Author_Institution :
Graduate Sch. of Eng., Hokkaido Univ., Sapporo, Japan
Abstract :
In this paper, a new digital watermarking method for vector maps is proposed, where the watermark can be embedded in a set of polylines by using the discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The robustness against external attacks and visual degradation caused by embedding were evaluated, and the effectiveness of the watermarking was confirmed. Our watermarking method is especially robust against vertex reordering attacks and noise imposition on the vertex coordinates
Keywords :
cartography; copy protection; copyright; discrete Fourier transforms; random noise; copyright protection; digital watermarking method; discrete Fourier transform; embedding; external attacks; noise imposition; polylines; robustness; vector maps; vertex coordinates; vertex reordering; visual degradation; Copyright protection; Data mining; Data structures; Degradation; Discrete Fourier transforms; Geographic Information Systems; Licenses; Noise robustness; Watermarking;
Conference_Titel :
Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, 2001. IGARSS '01. IEEE 2001 International
Conference_Location :
Sydney, NSW
Print_ISBN :
0-7803-7031-7
DOI :
10.1109/IGARSS.2001.976788
