Computational electromagnetic (CEM) model validation against measured and calculated results

The paper presents examples of the validation of numerical models using measured and calculated results from a range of research projects undertaken at the Applied Electromagnetics Research Group at the University of York. These aim to show that both the measurement and computational model are approximate representations of the real world, and that significant effort must be made to ensure that they are sufficiently similar if useful results and validation are to be obtained. We also discuss how the choice of metrics for the comparison of numerical, analytical and measured data is influenced by the nature of the EM problem being investigated.