An audio digital watermarking algorithm against A/D and D/A conversions based on DCT domain

This article put forward an audio digital watermarking algorithm oriented against A/D and D/A conversions based on domain, which choose low-frequency coefficients in DCT domain for the second DCT transform. By modifying the coefficients in the double DCT domain, the watermarking information after BCH coding and synchronization signal were embedded into audio carrier with large capacity of watermarking information. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm has a good hidden effect that SNR is greater than 20.0, and it has a very good robustness especially to 30% resample and MP3 compression attacks. Moreover, it can effectively resist A/D and D/A conversions, and bits error rate can be controlled under 6.2%.