An Improvement of GAF for Lifetime Elongation in Wireless Sensor Networks

The introduction of Geographical Adaptive Fidelity (GAF) into field of Wireless sensor network (WSN) has help save sensor´s energy to a large extent in some cases. Nevertheless, the traditional GAF still cannot reach the optimum energy usage since it select cluster heads completely randomly, not considering the best position of cluster head and energy distribution. In this paper, a novel topology control algorithm based on GAF is proposed: its main idea is to find the optimum position of the cluster head with a grid for energy saving, and divide the virtual grid dynamically and periodically, as well as take residual energy of each node into account, for uniform energy distribution. Compared to GAF, the proposed algorithm improves the networks´ performance on the nodes´ life time and average load for the network.