The Kirchhoff analysis from one- and two-dimensional random surface with the statistical shadowing function

In this paper, the bistatic scattering coefficient from one- and two-dimensional random surfaces using the Kirchhoff approximation (KA) with shadowing effect is investigated. The originality of this paper is to include the statistical shadowing function in the average of the scattered field. Although the statistical shadowing function and the scattered field depend on the surface slopes and heights, they are assumed to be statistically independent. Consequently, the shadowed scattering coefficient obtained from averaging the scattered field multiplied by its conjugate, is computed by using the unshadowed scattered field multiplied by the statistical shadowing function. This new model involves an accurate behavior of the scattering coefficient for grazing incidence angles. The model is compared with experimental data from a one-dimensional perfectly-conducting Gaussian rough surface and applied to a two-dimensional sea surface