Model management for efficient EM-simulation-driven design of dielectric resonator antennas

Electromagnetic (EM) simulation has become an important tool in the design of contemporary antenna structures. Design automation by employing high-fidelity EM simulations within an optimization loop may be prohibitive because of the high computational cost. Cost-efficient design can be realized by utilizing lower-fidelity EM simulations as auxiliary models (surrogates). The proper choice of the surrogate model fidelity is important to both the performance of the design optimization process and its computational cost. This paper focuses on a problem of the proper surrogate model management. Using a specific antenna design case, we demonstrate that the use of multiple models of different fidelity may be beneficial to reduce the design cost while maintaining the robustness of the optimization process.