Experiences of direct load control using ripple signals in Taiwan Power System

This paper gives the extensive experience of using ripple signals in direct load control. The content includes the following: (A) installation and testing: the experience about the installation and testing is quite important. The problems and solutions are also discussed. This also includes the effect of ripple control system on the distribution system. (B) Control of air-conditioners and other loads: the types of air-conditioners include window, basket, and central. For small size machines, the power sources can be switched on or off directly, but for large size machines, the ripple signals can only be used to control the condenser relays. Applications of ripple control in water heaters, street lights, motors, and multi-tariff meters are also given. (C) Substation control simulation: the simulation of direct load control on a power transformer is used to show the method of avoiding transformer overload