Biometric Watermarking Based on Affine Parameters Estimation

In this paper, the architect of biometric watermarking is presented firstly. A robust biometric watermarking method for iris image based on affine parameters estimation (APE) is presented also. The determination of the general affine transform applied to an iris image relies on the determination of the regular grid of points for estimation of the Radon transformation. Improving Voloshynovskiy´s methods, we showed that this problem can be efficiently solved by Radon transform in the case of general affine transforms, avoiding the exhaustive search. Experiment shows that the watermarking method is robust to affine transform. The proposed approach can also be used in any application where images need to be resynchronized, such as satellite imaging, or interactive digital maps, avoiding the need to embed visible marks.